The 36 Gunas of Sanatan Dharma — Qualities for Spiritual Growth

Discover the timeless virtues that guide a righteous and enlightened life.

The term "36 Gunas" represents a comprehensive set of virtues. This page details key qualities emphasized in Sanatan Dharma for holistic development.

The Virtues to Cultivate

🧘‍♂️
शम(Śama)

Calmness / Control of Mind

Mental Virtue
Keeping the mind steady and peaceful.
mind control
equanimity
peace
...
🤫
दम(Dama)

Self-Restraint (Senses)

Mental Virtue
Control over desires and senses.
self-restraint
sense control
discipline
...
🚶‍♂️
उपरति(Uparati)

Withdrawal / Self-Settledness

Mental Virtue
Detachment from worldly distractions.
detachment
withdrawal
focus
...
🏋️‍♀️
तितिक्षा(Titiksha)

Endurance / Forbearance

Mental Virtue
Patience and forbearance in hardships.
endurance
patience
forbearance
...
🙏
श्रद्धा(Shraddha)

Faith

Spiritual Virtue
Deep trust and belief in Dharma and Self.
faith
trust
belief
...
🎯🧘‍♀️
समाधान(Samādhan)

Concentration / Mental Absorption

Mental Virtue
Focused and stable mind, absorbed in the object of contemplation.
concentration
focus
meditation
...
🕊️
शान्ति(Shanti)

Peace

Mental Virtue
Inner tranquility and calmness.
peace
calmness
tranquility
...
🎁
अपरिग्रह(Aparigraha)

Non-Possessiveness

Ethical Virtue
Freedom from greed and attachment.
non-possessiveness
detachment
simplicity
...
🤝
आर्जव(Ārjava)

Sincerity

Ethical Virtue
Straightforwardness and honesty.
sincerity
honesty
integrity
...
🫂
क्षमा(Kṣamā)

Forgiveness

Emotional Virtue
Letting go of anger and resentment.
forgiveness
patience
compassion
...
💪
धृति(Dhṛti)

Fortitude

Mental Virtue
Courage and determination.
fortitude
courage
determination
...
🧠
मति(Mati)

Intelligence

Mental Virtue
Wisdom and good judgment.
intelligence
wisdom
judgment
...
💡
ज्ञान(Jnana)

Knowledge

Spiritual Virtue
True spiritual understanding.
knowledge
spiritual understanding
self-realization
...
🍂
वैराग्य(Vairāgya)

Detachment

Spiritual Virtue
Renunciation of worldly desires.
detachment
renunciation
non-attachment
...
🌐
अनेकान्तवाद(Anekāntavāda)

Acceptance

Philosophical Virtue
Respecting multiple perspectives.
acceptance
tolerance
open-mindedness
...
❤️
अद्रोह(Adroha)

Non-Hostility

Ethical Virtue
Absence of malice and hatred.
non-hostility
kindness
forgiveness
...
💖
अनुकम्पा(Anukampā)

Compassion

Ethical Virtue
Feeling and acting with kindness.
compassion
kindness
empathy
...
🧼
शौचम्(Shaucha)

Purity

Spiritual Virtue
Cleanliness of body, mind, and surroundings.
purity
cleanliness
hygiene
...
🎮
इन्द्रियनिग्रह(Indriyanigraha)

Sense Control

Self-Discipline Virtue
Mastery over the senses.
sense control
self-discipline
mindfulness
...
🥰
दया(Daya)

Kindness

Ethical Virtue
Benevolence towards all beings.
kindness
compassion
empathy
...
☮️
अहिंसा(Ahimsa)

Non-Violence

Ethical Virtue
Harm no living being in thought, word, or deed.
non-violence
peace
compassion
...
💯
सत्य(Satya)

Truthfulness

Ethical Virtue
Commitment to truth.
truthfulness
honesty
integrity
...
💨
त्याग(Tyaga)

Renunciation

Spiritual Virtue
Giving up selfish desires.
renunciation
detachment
selflessness
...
🙇
विनय(Vinaya)

Humility

Ethical Virtue
Modesty and respectful behavior.
humility
modesty
respect
...
😊
सन्तोष(Santosha)

Contentment

Spiritual Virtue
Satisfaction with what one has.
contentment
gratitude
acceptance
...
🌸
मार्दव(Mardava)

Gentleness

Ethical Virtue
Softness in behavior and speech.
gentleness
kindness
compassion
...
🧐
प्रज्ञा(Prajna)

Discernment

Spiritual Virtue
Wisdom to differentiate right from wrong.
discernment
wisdom
insight
...
❓➡️✔️
संशय विवरण(Sanshaya Vivarana)

Removal of Doubt

Mental Virtue
Clarity and confidence in decisions.
removal of doubt
clarity
confidence
...
💎
विवेक(Viveka)

Discrimination (Philosophical)

Philosophical Virtue
Ability to discriminate between eternal and transient.
discrimination
wisdom
detachment
...
🎯✨
विक्षेप शम(Vikshepa Shama)

Control over Distraction

Mental Discipline
Maintaining focus despite distractions.
control over distraction
focus
mindfulness
...
💾
स्मृति(Smriti)

Memory / Mindfulness

Mental Virtue
Retaining spiritual teachings and knowledge.
memory
mindfulness
awareness
...
🦁
अभय(Abhaya)

Fearlessness

Moral Virtue
Courage in facing difficulties.
fearlessness
courage
bravery
...
🌌
पारमार्थिक विवेक(Paramarthika Viveka)

Discrimination of Absolute Truth

Spiritual Wisdom
Understanding ultimate truth beyond illusion.
absolute truth
non-duality
moksha
...

What Are the Gunas?

In Hindu philosophy, Gunas (गुण) are inherent qualities, attributes, or virtues that characterize an individual's nature and actions. While "Guna" can refer to the three fundamental qualities of nature (Sattva, Rajas, Tamas) in Samkhya philosophy, in the context of ethics and spiritual development, it often refers to a collection of essential virtues. The concept of "36 Gunas" symbolizes a comprehensive set of these positive qualities.

Cultivating these Gunas is paramount for self-realization (Moksha), inner harmony, and righteous living (Dharma). They are not merely abstract ideals but practical principles for daily life, guiding our thoughts, speech, and actions. Sources like the Bhagavad Gita (especially Chapter 16 detailing divine and demonic qualities), Mahabharata, Upanishads, and Puranas extensively discuss these virtues.

By consciously developing these qualities, one can balance the mind and spirit, purify the heart, foster positive relationships, and progress on the path to spiritual enlightenment. They help transform an individual from a state of ignorance and bondage to one of wisdom and liberation.

Where Are Gunas Mentioned?

The virtues (Gunas) listed are discussed and extolled across numerous Sanatana Dharma scriptures. The Bhagavad Gita, particularly in Chapter 16 (Daivasura Sampad Vibhaga Yoga - The Yoga of Divine and Demonic Natures), provides a significant list of divine qualities (Daivi Sampad) that lead to liberation, contrasting them with demonic qualities.

The Mahabharata (especially in sections like the Shanti Parva and Anushasana Parva, including Vidura Niti), the Upanishads (e.g., Taittiriya Upanishad discussing values for a student), various Puranas, and Dharma Shastras (like Manu Smriti) also elaborate on these ethical and spiritual principles. Patanjali's Yoga Sutras, with its Yamas and Niyamas, forms another crucial source for understanding core virtues.

(Further specific verse references and links for deeper study will be added in future updates on individual Guna pages.)

Living the Gunas

Embracing and cultivating these Gunas is not merely an intellectual exercise but a lifelong practice. Integrating these virtues into daily thoughts, words, and actions transforms one's character, purifies the mind, and fosters a life of purpose, peace, and spiritual fulfillment. They are the guiding lights on the path to self-improvement and ultimate liberation.

"Be steadfast in the Gunas of Sattva, overcome Rajas and Tamas, and realize your divine nature." (Inspired thought)